GIS-AHP based site selection to identify the optimum number of meteorological stations: Karasu Watershed case study

The density of meteorological stations in most watersheds across the globe is far lower than recommended by World Meteorological Organization (WMO). However, for some basins, including those used as pilot, an adequate quantity weather crucial collecting high-accuracy data. This study aimed to 1) estimate optimum number and 2) demarcate appropriate sites their installation considering physical environmental factors directly indirectly influencing both objectives, i.e. develop a well-optimized station network. Weighted Overlay method six (6) –- precipitation variance, slope, elevation, proximity existing stations, land cover use, well distance from roads were applied delineate potential locations. All parameters mapped out separately then reclassified scoring (0 100 scale) based on significance. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was determine impact each factor. Based analysis, variance received 38% weight, while road computed reach only 3% weight. map Karasu Watershed delineated into corresponding highly suitable, moderately marginally not suitable zones. Finally, locations validated using hypsometric curve ensure proper coverage different elevations. research will improve climate change water resource management applications informing them with sufficient climatic data about entire target area all variations, help addressing challenge shortage thus increase quality future thematic research.